Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) not only increases the risk of metabolic syndrome but also initiates kidney injury. Lipid accumulation-induced systemic low-grade inflammation is an upstream mechanism of kidney injury associated with prediabetes. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) provides potent anti-obesity effects through several mechanisms including fecal lipid excretion. In the study of Prempree Sutthasupha, they investigated the effects of COS on the prevention of obesity-related complications and its ability to confer renoprotection in a prediabetic model. Rats fed on a HFD developed obesity, glucose intolerance and kidney dysfunction. COS intervention successfully ameliorated these conditions (p < 0.05) through the following mechanisms:
High-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity, glucose intolerance and renal dysfunction in rats.
COS alleviates insulin resistance and intestinal lipid absorption in model rats, and has a protective effect on kidneys
COS stimulates intestinal CaSR/AMPK/ close-junction assembly, enhances the integrity of intestinal barrier through calcium-sensitive receptors, thereby reducing low-grade inflammation of the system;
COS can relieve oxidative stress in model mice and activate renal autophagy by balancing AMPK and mTOR activities;
COS reduces prediabetic complications by reducing intestinal lipid absorption and the nephrities-autophagy apoptosis axis.
Reference:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119405
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