Alginate oligosaccharides are a natural polysaccharide carbohydrate extracted from brown alga and are composed of two structural units, glucuronic acid and mannuronic acid. It has been reported that a certain concentration of alginate oligosaccharides can inhibit the growth and proliferation of liver cancer hepg2. The inhibition effect of alginate oligosaccharides on prostate cancer was studied.
The expression of ST6Gal-1 in prostate cancer cells was different by detecting the effect of alginate oligosaccharide treatment on the growth of prostate cancer cells, and the expression of protein related to apoptosis, Hippo and Hedgehog signaling pathway in prostate cancer cells. Results after alginate oligosaccharide treatment, the growth and proliferation, migration and invasion ability of prostate cancer cells were reduced, while alginate oligosaccharides were not significantly toxic to human normal prostate epithelial cells. the expression of ST6Gal-1 in prostate cancer cells treated with alginate oligosaccharides was significantly lower than that in the control group. Alginate oligosaccharide treatment promoted the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bad, Lastl, Sav and Wts, while inhibiting the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and TAZ. After alginate oligosaccharide treatment, the downstream transcription factor YPA could interact with the core region of ST6Gal-1 promoter and then regulate the expression of ST6Gal-1.
The results of the test showed that alginate oligosaccharides inhibited the growth, proliferation, migration and invasion ability of the prostate cancer DU145 and PC3 cells. Alginate oligosaccharides, by activating the Hippo signaling pathway, promoted their downstream transcription factor YAP to bind to the core region fragment of the ST6Gal-1 promoter to regulate the surface n-saccharide salivary acidification and then affect the growth and proliferation ability of the prostate cancer cells.