The research on proteins and nucleic acids in biology, biochemistry, molecular biology and other marginal sciences has continued to deepen, and more and more functional phenomena have been found to be particularly important in the relationship between sugars, especially oligosaccharides, that is, cellular Many biological activities are closely related to sugars, which cannot be replaced by proteins and nucleic acids.
The research on the biological mechanism of chitosan oligosaccharide and chitosan is the key problem to be solved by scientists and scholars, and the key to its in-depth research and application. Some scholars believe that the "oligosaccharide chain" plays an important role. The unique deconstruction of chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide with amino groups in the structure determines that it has many unique biological functions. Is it the role of the chitosan group (a molecule of chitosan oligosaccharide)? Or is it the role of different numbers of molecules in the sugar chain? It is one of the current research hotspots. But what is certain is that the direction of action of chitosan oligosaccharides with different molecular weights (for the whole body health of the human body, the health and disease of different tissues, different organs and organs...) is different, and the magnitude of its efficacy is also different.
01 Effects on the spatial structure of glycoproteins
The spatial structure of protein is the key to determine the biological function of protein. (What kind of structure determines what function it has) Protein is a spatial structure formed by the folded peptide chain connected by amino acids as the basic unit, and sugar determines the correct folding of protein peptide chain. In some diseases, such as the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), after gene mutation to remove the glycosylation site, the correct intrachain disulfide bond cannot be formed and the mispairing becomes an interchain disulfide bond.
02 Role in subunit polymerization
Subunit is the basic unit that constitutes a biologically active protein. Chitooligosaccharide can affect the polymerization between subunits, thereby indirectly affecting the spatial structure of the protein and affecting the biological function of the protein.
03 Shielding of protein moieties.
The sugar chains cover a surface area of 0.6 nm, which is important for preventing glycoproteins from being hydrolyzed by proteases.
04 Effects of oligosaccharides on the sorting, delivery and secretion of glycoproteins in cells.
Oligosaccharide is the information conduction chain of human cells. It is like the nerve conduction network of the human body. It transmits various information to DNA at all times. DNA will make corresponding expressions according to the obtained information; this expression is just like the brain sending corresponding instructions to human organs. , Glycobiology studies have proved that: the human body's birth, aging, disease, death are directly related to the changes in the 'sugar chain' of the cell composition in the body. That is: by changing the "sugar chain" of human cells, the growth, development and even death of different cells can be controlled.
This article is from the book "Chitooligosaccharides and Human Health".
The content of the above cited articles is only for the purpose of study and research. If there is any discrepancy, please correct it immediately.
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