Chitin extracted from shrimp and crab shells is a natural polysaccharide that is abundant in nature, and chitosan is the most important derivative of it. Chitosan oligosaccharides. In my country, it is generally believed that the polymerized substances of glucosamine with a degree of polymerization of 2-20 are collectively referred to as chitosan oligosaccharides. Because of their low molecular weight, they can be directly absorbed and utilized by animal intestines, and they are also the only positively charged alkaline oligosaccharide substances in nature. . Therefore, chitosan oligosaccharide has high biological activity, which makes it widely used in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immune enhancement, and antioxidant functions, which makes it have unique advantages in aquaculture and complement each other with chitosan.
1. Growth-promoting effect
The main mechanism of growth-promoting chitosan oligosaccharide is to increase the height of folds and the thickness of the intestine by improving the largest mucosal immune organ of aquatic products, the intestine, which can not only improve the absorption of nutrients by fish, but also improve the bile. and pancreatic juice secretion to resist the invasion of bacteria or viruses accidentally eaten, long-term consumption of chitosan oligosaccharide aquatic products can increase the content of digestive enzymes such as trypsin, pancreatic lipase, and pancreatic amylase in the intestinal tract, so that the feed can be fully digested to promote growth.
2. Immunity boost
Immune cells, immune enzymes and immune regulators in the aquatic immune system play a key role in fighting pathogens. Chitosan oligosaccharide can stimulate immune cells to secrete immune factors, which play a role in non-specific immunity, specific immunity, cell growth and tissue repair. to a key role. The active amino groups on the surface of chitosan oligosaccharides can form new glycopeptide bonds with proteins on the cell surface, and can well activate the activity and function of immune cells including macrophages.
3. Regulate gut flora
Chitooligosaccharide can inhibit the activity of harmful bacteria (Escherichia coli, etc.), and can help beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium, etc.) to multiply in the intestinal lining. The positive charge of chitosan oligosaccharide can be well combined with the negative charge of Gram-negative bacteria to make it inactive and excreted from the body. Chitosan oligosaccharide and chitosan can also inhibit pathogenic bacteria including Vibrio eel, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and other pathogenic bacteria at a certain concentration, so that even if harmful bacteria are excreted with feces, they will lose their activity and reduce the amount of feces. Secondary pollution of water quality.
4. Purify water
Chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide can both sterilize and disinfect aquaculture waters. Chitosan has a large molecular weight and high viscosity, and can absorb and flocculate some harmful macromolecular substances, such as some harmful bacteria, and the water after eutrophication. Some feed residues and algae and aquatic manure, etc. At the same time, because of the long-chain network structure of chitosan, it can also chelate heavy metals in water well, so that it will not be absorbed into the body even if it is accidentally eaten by aquatic products. The combination of chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide has broad prospects for use as new feed additives. The resource-rich shrimp and crab shell raw materials are safe and non-toxic, long-term consumption without any side effects, and can also protect aquatic animals from the inside out: it can enhance immunity. It can improve the water quality and environment, and reduce the damage of the external environment. Chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide will become a new bright spot in aquaculture.
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